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VENETIAN LANGUAGE
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Venetian or Venetan is a Romance language spoken as native language by over two million people, mostly in the Veneto region of Italy, where of five million inhabitants almost all can understand it. It is sometime spoken and often well understood outs... |
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HISTORY
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Venetian descends from Vulgar Latin, influenced by the Celts and possibly the Venetic substratum and by the languages of the Germanic tribes (Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Lombards) who invaded northern Italy in the 5th century. Venetian, as a known writ... |
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GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
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Venetian is spoken mainly in the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia and in both Slovenia and Croatia (Istria, Dalmatia and the Kvarner Gulf). Smaller communities are found in the provinces of Lombardy, Trento, Emilia (in Mantova, Rim... |
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CLASSIFICATION
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Venetian descends partly from Vulgar Latin - like all other Romance languages, including Italian and the other Italian dialects. However, in the traditional classification of Romance languages it is considered part of the Italo-Romance group.Accordin... |
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REGIONAL VARIANTS
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The main regional variants and sub-variants of Venetian areCentral (Padua, Vicenza, Polesine), with about 1,500,000 speakers. Eastern/Coastal (Venice, Trieste, Grado, Istria, Fiume). Western (Verona, Trento). North-Central (Treviso, most of Pordenone... |
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GRAMMAR
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Like most Romance languages, Venetian has mostly abandoned the Latin case system, in favor of prepositions and a more rigid subject-verb-object sentence structure. It has thus become more analytic, if not quite as much as English. Venetian also has t... |
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REDUNDANT SUBJECT PRONOUNS
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A peculiarity of Venetian grammar is a "semi-analytical" verbal flexion, with a compulsory "clitic subject pronoun" before the verb in many sentences, "echoing" the subject as an ending or a weak pronoun. Independent/emphatic pronouns (e.g. ti), on t... |
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INTERROGATIVE INFLECTION
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Venetian also has a special interrogative verbal flexion used for direct questions, which also incorporates a redundant pronoun:Italian: (Tu) eri sporco? ("Were you dirty?").Venetian: (Ti) jèristu onto? or even (Ti) xèrito sporco? (lit. "You were-you... |
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AUXILIARY VERBS
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Reflexive tenses use the auxiliary verb aver ("to have"), as in English, German, and Spanish; instead of essar ("to be"), which would be normal in Italian. The past participle is invariable, unlike Italian:Italian: (Tu) ti sei lavato (lit. "(You) you... |
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VENETIAN LANGUAGE CLASSIFICATION
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Venetian descends partly from Vulgar Latin - like all other Romance languages, including Italian and the other Italian dialects. However, in the traditional classification of Romance languages it is considered part of the Italo-Romance group.Accordin... |
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